Beware of the Long Load Time Problem when You Buy a Website Essays

Buying a Website? Beware of the Long Load Time Problem Numerous studies have show that, while most web designers use fast internet connections, the majority of their audience still use comparatively slower connections. Because of this, many designers create web pages that may load quickly enough on their own computers, but take excessively long to load on their audiences' computers. Many web designers have not dealt with this issue on their websites, resulting in the loss of a valuable audience, even though numerous ways of dealing with the long load time problem exist. The largest cause of long page load times is the graphical content of the webpage. While text generally does not take too long to load over most connections, images can adversely affect even the fastest connection speeds when used incorrectly. Because websites use images more than almost any other media, this problem affects web designing decisions for practically every website created. Many web designers use large, full-quality graphics on their websites, which often take up much of the page. These images, while very attractive, do not justify the long time they require to load. In addition, many designers use full screen graphical interfaces for their sites. Even when text is the main component of these pages, the graphical interface slows the load time to a crawl. This forces viewers interested only in the text to wait unjustifiably long for the graphical interface to load first. For websites created for image viewing, there are often numerous, large, high-quality images placed on a single page in a giant column. Even if a viewer wants to observe just one of these images, they must wait for the other unwanted images to load as well. All of these problems caus... ...o a different page. Many thumbnails can be placed on a single page, and their small size and high compression do not lengthen load times significantly. A thumbnail also gives viewers a preview of what the larger, full-quality image will look like if they click on a thumbnail, allowing them to decide beforehand if it is worth their time. In summary, too many webpage designers are misusing images in ways that cause websites to load far too slowly. They should instead take advantage the many solutions available for solving this problem when designing and implementing their sites. By not doing so, designers frustrate viewers and lose a valuable audience. Utilizing techniques for decreasing webpage load time will help web designers to expand their audiences and viewers to enjoy websites more fully, proving beneficial to those on both sides of the long load time problem.

Marketing Plan Dutch Lady Milk Industries Essay

Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad (â€Å"DLMI†) is a leader in the quality branded dairy business in Malaysia. It was incorporated in 1963, and was the first milk company in Malaysia to be listed on Bursa Malaysia, the local Stock Exchange in 1968. Its holding company is Royal FrieslandCampina, a Dutch multinational corporation and one of the largest milk companies in the world. Permodalan Nasional Berhad is the second largest shareholder in the Company. Corporate Vision: To spread the goodness of milk to everyone. Corporate Mission: To create value for our owners, in short and long term, by means of profitable dairy activities. To develop, produce and market a broad range of reliable, natural and nutritious dairy products that contribute to well-being and vitality of life. To recognize that know-how, quality, dedication and leadership of our employees are the most crucial assets to achieve our targets. For generations, Dutch Lady Milk Industries principal business is to supply quality dairy and infant nutrition products to the nation. Today Dutch Lady ranks among the top three dairy producers in Malaysia. Generations of Malaysians have grown up on Dutch Lady dairy products. While Dutch Lady first established itself as a manufacturer of sweetened condensed milk, Dutch Lady Milk Industries’ extensive product range now spans from infant formula and growing up milk to fruit juice and yoghurt snacks. Every product innovation that rapidly develops infant and child formula range is backed by extensive research both locally and internationally. DLMI is the largest purchaser of local fresh milk from the Veterinary Services Department. It also supports local industries by using a substantial amount of local ingredients such as palm oil and sugar in its products. The quality of the Company’s products is paramount. Quality Control and Quality Assurance are prime considerations. In line with this, the Company has continually been accredited with ISO 9001 certification since 1995. Strong emphasis is also placed on food safety with the implementation of HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) System to cover all its plants. Since it commenced manufacturing in 1963, DLMI has steadily expanded its operations in Malaysia. Its chilled plant is one of  the most modern in South East Asia. SECTION 2.0 BUSINESS OVERVIEW Figure 1 Total market for Chilled Business [2] Source: DLMI (2009) As shown in Figure 1, the total chilled (total of eating yoghurt, yoghurt drink and cultured milk) market is consistently growing but at a very slow rate. Therefore, Dutch Lady is hoping to play a role in growing this niche market where most players neglect. From a recent study done by a third party, consumers nowadays are vey health conscious and are ready to take up anything that could help benefit their health. This is especially helpful with the females growing interest in getting slim through exercise or daily intake of nutritious yoghurt. Figure 2 Chilled Business Volume Percentage Share by Players [3] Source: ACNielsen Malaysia (2009) DLMI is currently at third position in terms of percentage volume share for chilled business in comparison to M’sia Milk, the market leader and Nestle at second. This is due to DLMI’s limited chilled product line. M’Sia Milk, though only provides Fresh and Low Fat Milk, their best seller are the 2 Litres package size and therefore, in terms of volume and value they are still the market leader. Nestle on the other hand offers a wider chilled product line by offering yoghurt, yoghurt drinks and cultured milk. These are the plausible reasons for DLMI inability to capture a larger market size because it neither produces 2 Litre package size milk not does it offers cultured milk as part of its chilled product line. Currently, the market is desperate for some product excitement and flavours. This could provide DLMI the opportunity to capture the market through target groups and segmentation of the market which will be discussed later in the other sections. Moreover, by collecting enough information of the potential areas, DLMI could use the marketing mix to help boost their sales and have a larger consumer base for the chilled market. In order to gel all these ideas into possible actions, the author would like to propose a bold move into introducing the ‘Tropicana’ flavor for all range and pack size for both yoghurt and drinking yoghurt. This Tropicana flavor will definitely draw attention and create a new group of consumers. Plus no other competitor products have come out with such thrilling flavor, therefore these would definitely appeal to those whom  are bored of the old traditional flavours and are looking for new range of stimulation for their taste buds. SECTION 3.0 TARGET MARKET Figure 3 Sales Review for Chilled Product by Chain [4] Source: BW (2009) As depict in Figure 3, Giant chain supermarket is the one with the highest sales value growth for chilled business and Tesco at second place. Hence, DLMI could target the consumers from both these chains as the trend that can be seen here is that consumers prefer to purchase chilled products at chain supermarkets with warehouse concept. Giant and Tesco are typically a supermarket that builds on purchasing at bulk to keep the selling price as low as possible to attract consumers that are looking for supplies at below average market price. Consumers that purchase at Tesco and Giant are generally from the middle income group and form the Malay ethnic group as the main followed by Chinese ethnic as shown in Figure 4. For that reason, we could factor in these as part of the target group for the new ‘Tropicana’ flavor. Figure 4 Sales Review for Chilled Product by Chain [5] Source: Dunnhumby (2009) Presently, DLMI demarcation of area is by Central (Seremban, Pahang, Klang, Kajang, Petaling Jaya); East Coast (Kota Bahru, Kuantan); North (Perak, Penang, Kedah, Perlis); South (Melaka, Batu Pahat, Johor Bahru); Sabah and Sarawak. And as shown in Figure 5, the AMS for Central seems to be the most promising area of development followed by South and then North. Therefore, it is safe to conclude that consumers at more developed areas are more particular towards living a healthy lifestyle. Figure 5 Average Monthly Sales of Chilled Business by Area [6] Source: BW (2009) Therefore, the target market that DLMI is looking at to grow their chilled market share is through three different target groups: Middle income group which frequent hypermarkets or supermarkets at central, south and north region with basket size of about RM35 to RM40 per visit; Teenagers age 35 and below whom are at the launch of their career and tends to emphazise slimming and natural beauty; Adults age 35 and above whom are more health concious towards living a longer healthy life. Since yoghurts and yoghurt  drinks are classified as convenience products as it is bought frequently and immediately at reasonably low price with many point of sales, it is therefore considered a potential market which DLMI would like to nurture in hope that they could construct a loyal customer base as a platform for future consumers while at the same time educating these consumers about the importance of eating and staying healthy. The ‘Tropicana’ flavour would be able to cater to these group of health concious consumers because it is rich in nutrients from all the mix tropical fruits. SECTION 4.0 LONG TERM AND SHORT TERM GOALS SHORT TERM Chilled products are very dependent on promotions, therefore for the short term goal, DLMI hope to successfully execute all promotions planned throughout the year as depicted in Table 2. The selections of the promotion are during festive seasons where consumers are more likely to spend more. The author is hoping to be a trend setter using these promotion plans by encouraging consumers to purchase more yoghurt drinks and yoghurt as a festive item instead of just a convenience product. That is the very reason why most of the promotions for the chilled products are conducted during festive seasons and national fairs. Table 2 Promotion Plan for Chilled Products [7] Source: DLMI (2009) LONG TERM In the long term however, DLMI is hoping to be able to strengthen the position further if the initial establishment succeed. These are the few long term actions that DLMI could consider: Focus on key outlets with key SKUs; Listing of only the top flavours; Operation support from chain supermarket to build business further; Conduct cross promo with any value added product; Secure additional space for greater visibility; Implementation of segmentation according to agreed planogram; Implement trade schemes to drive distribution; Mount activities to convert competitor users; Promotional activities to reward loyal users; Induce trial through giving out free sample pack size. These long term plan are also meant to be continuously conducted throughout each year to secure the share of business in the chilled market. SECTION 5.0 MARKETING STRATEGIES Figure 6 Marketing Above The Line 360 º Activation [8] Source: DLMI (2009) DLMI 360 º activation plan is one form of marketing strategy to create brand awareness and ideally brand preference among existing consumers and possibly new users who will prefer a new sort of exciting taste. The awareness campaign will touch on all forms of media from online advertising to advertising on the shelf itself to news and ads. ADVERTISING DLMI will roll out a coordinated advertising campaign to emphasize the following points: Dutch Lady yoghurt is getting better, with a new and refurbished new ‘Tropical’ flavor. DLMI could consider using print and broadcast ads in women-oriented mediums several weeks before the new introduction of products to inform people of how healthy is Dutch Lady’s yoghurt and changing to meet their needs. Billboards, television, radio, and display signs will be primary vehicles for this. About two weeks before introduction, our ads will change from stressing our company image to stressing product line imaging. DLMI will also run specific ads the ‘Tropical’ flavor product stressing its benefits to the consumers. This specific part of the campaign will primarily use magazines, radio, and other mediums targeted at the under 25 aged crowd. After product introduction, will run advertising to persuade and remind consumers of our new products. There will be a customized advertisement of the video which shows the new ‘Tropical’ flavor with a silent background to serve the product tagline. PUBLIC RELATIONS DLMI will pursue the following public relations oriented programs: DLMI will put together a press kit showing L’Oreal’s commitment to grow and serve the Dutch market. We will include key facts including our additions to the employment rolls and charitable contributions. We will look to host and/or  sponsor events that appeal to our target markets. For our more mature audience with increased dispensable income, we will sponsor a â€Å"Women in Business† seminar. Women in key roles as models or local actresses can be presenters. For those women at home, we will look into sponsoring events that will appeal more to them – something along the lines of a home and/or garden show and conventional housewives will be chosen as the product ambassador. We also are excited about creating Health Shows geared towards the younger and first time consumers. The Shows will focus on education of terms, etc. and actual hands-on training. They can be arranged on a small scale , e.g. a booth at a mall, to a larger event at a local hall with many booths. We will donate a portion of sales of the new ‘Tropical’ flavour towards slimming research. This will be displayed on all advertisements associated with the new flavour product. PRODUCT TAGLINE â€Å"THE TROPICAL SILENCE THAT BRINGS HARMONY TO YOUR HEALTH† PRODUCT VIDEO * Please refer to attached flash video* SECTION 6.0 SITUATION ANALYSES GIANT S.W.O.T. ANALYSES GIANT CUSTOMER – GIANT STRENGTHS WEAKNESS C H A N E L Hypermarket Wide distribution network with high number of stores. (Total: 110 outlets, EM: 10 outlets and PM: 91 outlets) Giant operation team welcome in-store approaches on tactical promotions (priority given to top suppliers) Store layout with event area for in-store activities Space allocation for activities at â€Å"Kids Playground†. Issues at HQ:- No yearly promotion calendar to be furnished to suppliers for promotion planning. No full control over space allocation at store level for promotions Scan sales data provided to Category Captain limited to 7 Hypermarkets. No standard concept for HS display at CS/Supermarkets due to no plan-o-gram design for these channels. Plan-o-gram of stores is sometimes influenced by competitor Issues at DC:- No system to measure on-time delivery to stores. Weakness of delivery window to stores (too big gap from date of orders receipt to delivery that cause stock issues at store level. Capacity issue to manage high stock weight/turnover. Issues at Store Level:- Some of the store buyers are lack of understanding of internal SOP and not discipline in ordering -> lead to replenishment issues at store level. Service problems of Chilled vendors to supermarkets/CS Supermarket Cold Storage GIANT CUSTOMER – GIANT OPPORTUNITIES THREATS C H A N E L Hypermarkets Low store productivity due to issues at DC and store level. Store expansion (5 hypermarkets & 10 supermarkets) Joint forecast with Giant in order to have smooth pipeline to stores and improve forecast accuracy. Nestle is given priority by DC on storage and  delivery to outlets (due to top-to-top agreement on sales target and incentives). Consistency in stock deliveries of competitors that helped their A&V at store level and promotion execution. Supermarket SOS improvement by initiating plan-o-gram for CS/ Supermarkets and influence store buyers to allocate more SOS to DL products. Customised promotion for Supermarkets/CS that has different shopper profile. Cold Storage GIANT DLMI IN CUSTOMER (GIANT) DLMI VS COMPETITION STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES THREATS C A T E G O R I E S Chilled We are No. 3 suppliers in Chilled category after Cotra and F&N. Strong brand equity. We are lack of focus in Chilled compared to Ambient and no creativity in promotion activity. Our facing is less prominent compared to competitors. According to Giant CM, shopper behaviour is trending towards bulk purchase in chilled category. Customized promotion in Giant to associate DLMI image of dairy expert Competitors (Cotra and Nestle) are dominant in this category. RTE We are No. 2 supplier in this category after Nestle. We are offered lower margin to Giant compared to other suppliers. Multipack promotion (Buy 4 at RMxx) to encourage bulk purchase. Mini road show for LF RTE and DKY in order to bring new excitement to shoppers. Stiff competition from Nestle:- 60% contribution to total sales Deep pocket and react fast to competition. Category captain. Dominant SOS at store level. Shine DKY Continual innovation from DLMI who has strong market share in DKY segment. Creative to bring new things to shoppers, Lack of communication for benefits of â€Å"green tea extract† to the shoppers although it’s one of the key selling points. Based on TNS research, we are strong in retail chain with high % of Chinese compared to those with high % of Malay (i.e. Giant). Lack of margin to retailer (as above for RTE). Communication of product benefits via sampling at selected stores. Giant has the right shopper profile for SHINE to build a bigger consumer base. Promotion differentiation (i.e. TP FOC premium) to target Giant’s shoppers (Based on TNS research, promotion with premium giveaway is proven effective in this category). Customized promotion for CS that captured the target shoppers. Explore TP/Triple packs promo to increase volume. Road show to create awareness and enhance communication to the target shoppers. TESCO S.W.O.T. ANALYSES TESCO CUSTOMER – TESCO STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES THREATS C H A N E L Hypermarket Tesco is well-positioned for further growth to be No. 1 Retailer Limited products range offer to customers as Tesco’s selection on high quality products, good turnover brands and high profit margin. Strong expansion with 10 outlets opening (5 in Q2-Q3 & 2 in Q4) No full control and influence over space allocation as category captain. Competency in supply chain management and efficiency. Centralized system in Tesco that facilitates its EDLC operating model whilst building service levels. Tesco’s regulation leads to inflexibility in execution such as no premium, no cross-category promo etc. With the strength of operating system and supply chain in Tesco to drive efficiency and improve stock turn ratios. Joint forecast is required especially during promotion to maximize the sales opportunity. Tesco is a value-led retailer; its pricing policy is to â€Å"be the right price on all comparable products versus the benchmark† and to be the â€Å"best value retailer†. Tesco’s ability to gain customer insight, perform robust customer segmentation and deliver personalized marketing communication from its Club card loyalty Facing difficulties on stocks replenishment to be influenced at store level as store buyers are very dependent on system. The shopper behaviour insight gained from Tesco’s loyalty card data is currently used by Tesco in strategic decision-making, and to drive promotional activity Tesco has developed great expertise in private label development, and enable it to differentiate its offer from its competitors, build brand loyalty, grow margin and demonstrate both price and quality credentials. With the strong operating system and strategy having by Tesco, strong influence power from HQ to store level on execution and operation issue to leads the smooth process Have long term initiatives calendar plan (12 month rolling initiatives calendar) in order to work closely with Tesco (eg, P&G, Nestle and Dumex) Tesco is growing ag gressively to become big player in the retail market and it has market leading position which empowered them to have better negotiation power and demand against suppliers. PRODUCT COMPETITION ANALYSES Type DLMI Chilled Products Competing Products Eating Yoghurt Low Fat Nestle Fat Free, Marigold 0% Fat, F&N Alive, Private Label Drinking Yoghurt Low Fat & SHINE Nestle Bliss, Sunglo Lassi, Private Label SECTION 7.0 ACTION PLAN / IMPLEMENTATION Objective To be the strong No 2 position in the chilled market Selected strategy To focus on major promotion with 3 major fair and to participate in milk campaign Action Who By When Resources Measures To maintain at least 3 times promotion KAM & TM Mac, July & Nov Mktg Incremental of 80% – 90% To participate in 3 major fair & Milk For Life campaign KAM & TM Jun Mktg Anniversary & Milk For Life Campaign. Promotion generates about 200-400% growth, approx RM 700k To explore carton sales KAM Quarterly TM & Mktg Especially on RTE and DKY To create customized pack KAM Jun TM & Mktg Especially on RTE and DKY SECTION 8.0 CONCLUSIONS To conclude, even though chilled category is still at its infancy stage, the potential to grow is there. More and more Malaysians are becoming more health conscious and they are constantly looking for new exciting reasons for them to continue staying healthy. Other than that, Malaysians also tend to only buy chilled products only during promotions periods or when and as needed. Therefore such a mindset should be change and Dutch Lady should be a trend setter for such changes to happen. The proposed of this new flavor is also an opportunity for DLMI to open a new window to educate the consumers that besides exercising, the only way to stay healthy is to eat and drink healthy too. The author would again reiterate that all data provided are drilled solely by the author alone. The sources of the data taken are from the programmes and third party software that capture real life scan sales data and consumer off take. Read more: http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/marketing-plan-dutch-lady-milk-industries-marketing-essay.php#ixzz37v6oAx4k

Speech Class Topic Proposal Essays

Speech Class Topic Proposal Essays Speech Class Topic Proposal Essay Speech Class Topic Proposal Essay Informative Speech Outline 1. Intro 2. 1 Attention Step: Wouldn’t it be cool to know how to do some stunts in Tekken? 2. 2 Involvement Step: The video game Tekken consists of many martial art disciplines like jeet kune do, street fighting, taekwondo, ninjitsu, sumo wrestling, aikido, judo, karate, and many more. These are the most common martial art disciplines people would think about when you say the word Tekken. But why don’t we focus on 2 certain characters namely Eddy Gordo and Christie Monteiro. These 2 characters are doing some martial art discipline that looks a lot like they are dancing it rather than martial arts. So did you know that the martial art disciplines Christie and Eddy are doing is called Capoeira. 2. 3 Indication Step (thesis statement): Capoeira is considered as a martial art discipline because it used for fighting, acrobatics, dancing, playing, and tradition. 2. Body 3. 4 Major point 1: Fighting, dancing, and tradition 3. 5. 1 Supporting detail: It is considered one of the most comprehensive forms of physical conditioning and is an integrated balance of mind, strength, rhythm, poetry, agility, and harmony (Escola Brasileira de Capoeira Philippines, 2012). 3. 5. Supporting detail: It is the maximum expression of liberty and keeps the art of the ancestors alive, being part of Brazilian and now, world history (Escola Brasileira de Capoeira Philippines, 2012). 3. 5 Major point 2: Acrobatics, and playing 3. 6. 3 Supporting detail: The roda is the center of Capoeira (Rensselaer, n. d. ). Being the center of Capoeira, the roda has always been considered as the playing grounds of the Cap oeiristas. It is where they practice their moves, styles, and forms. While two Capoeiristas play in the middle of a roda, everyone else watching them play is making music. Some will be in-charge of playing the instruments, while the rest will enjoy singing until it’s their turn. 3. 6. 4 Supporting detail: Capoeira is kind of similar to acrobatics because of the movements involved in the martial art. Au de Cabeca  movement is essentially a cartwheel done on your head. We recommend you are comfortable with queda de rins and au before you try au de cabeca. Learning au de cabeca will be easier and quicker to learn and you will be equipped with the right skills needed in perfecting this specific au (Capoeira Universe, 2011). 3. Conclusion Capoeira is like any other recreational sports that help build our bodies and keep us healthy. So why not give it a try? References Capoeira Universe. (2011, June 11). Basic Capoeira Moves List. Retrieved from Capoeira Universe: http://capoeirauniverse. com/capoeira-moves/basic-capoeira-moves-list/ Escola Brasileira de Capoeira Philippines. (2012). Capoeira. Retrieved from EBC Philippines: ebcphilippines. com/index. php/capoeira/ Rensselaer. (n. d. ). The Roda. Retrieved from Rensselaer: http://capoeira. union. rpi. edu/roda. php

Prescribing of Medication by Psychologists For and Against

Prescribing of Medication by Psychologists For and Against Psychologists and psychiatrists are important professionals that the society depends on for several concerns. Whereas psychologists are concerned with offering psychological therapy to mentally disturbed persons, physicians offer both curative and social treatment for various diseases (Harding, 2002). The training underwent also differs considerably. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Prescribing of Medication by Psychologists: For and Against specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Psychologists undergo a more theory-based training as opposed to a practical medicine-based training. The fact that both professionals are important in the mental healthcare is true. However, endless debates that aim at empowering psychologists to prescribe medication are common (Harding, 2002). The journal ‘Should Psychologists Prescribe Medication’ gives supporting views by Robert Resnick. On the contrary, William Robiner o pposes the idea. This paper critically examines the position held by the two authors. Facts Robert Resnick asserts that the available psychopharmacological aid is limited. On the contrary, the mental health cases have drastically increased. It is reported that over 450 counties in America lack psychiatrists in residence. How then will mental problems be addressed in such counties? It is true that granting prescription privileges to psychologists will reduce this patient-psychiatrist deficit. In addition, psychological medical prescription will ensure that quality mental healthcare is offered in time (Resnick Robiner, 2003). Cost reduction is also assured because only one profession is involved. Robiner is correct when he asserts that the mode of training between a psychologist and a psychiatrist differs. Psychiatrists undergo intense medical training in a medical school. Subjects such as biology, chemistry and pharmacology are taught at the undergraduate, graduate and doctoral le vels of training. Psychologists on the other hand do not undergo this kind of training at all levels of training (Resnick Robiner, 2003). The lack of medical training provides a platform for increased collaboration between the psychologists and the psychiatrists. This is the best tool for increased efficiency in service delivery. Opinions Resnick is of the view that psychologists should be given prescription privileges too. He argues that psychologists are more informed on mental health issues than other non-psychiatry professionals. Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The realization that 85% of mental prescriptions are written by the non-psychiatry professionals is criticized. He is of the opinion that granting psychologists the power to prescribe would offer better choices and informed referrals. The need to have psychologists prescribe will be solved by training more professionals (Resnick Robiner, 2003). The success of the Psychopharmacology Demonstration Project (PDP) is a good example of early training programs. Robiner on the other hand is of the view that most patients find more comfort in sharing their mental problems with physicians than with psychologists. It is for this reason that prescription privileges are enjoyed by the psychiatrists. The duplication of the PDP success is uncertain (Resnick Robiner, 2003). Robiner is of the opinion that the military psychologists were exposed to a specific group of patients and conditions. He therefore doubts the practicality of the same in more diverse conditions. Resnick’s Strengths and Weaknesses Resnick argument is cemented by the fact that he uses a previous case to support his position. The success of the PDP is an important development. In fact the same approach can be used to address the prescription debate. The fact that he advocates for the bridging of the patient-professi onal gap is clear. He emphasizes on the need for psychologists to undergo medical training, just as the ten military psychologists did. He also insists that revoking previous prescriptions is also a means of giving medical prescription. Resnick’s argument is however limited in scope. It is true that New Mexico was the first state to grant prescription privileges to psychologists (Resnick Robiner, 2003). He affirms that 32 more states are on the way to adopting laws that grant prescription rights. He fails to give the time frame required to achieve this. In addition he fails to specify the medical concerns within the jurisdiction of the psychologists and psychiatrists as far prescription rights are concerned. Robiner’s Strengths and Weaknesses Robiner asserts that training 10 psychologists under specific and customized conditions should not be viewed as an obvious case under general conditions. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Presc ribing of Medication by Psychologists: For and Against specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is true that diverse mental problems are encountered. Assuming the PDP success would be duplicated in other training programs is wrong according to Robiner. In addition he presents a report by the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology that revealed that PDP graduates were indeed weak both medically and psychiatrically. They were indeed supervised by physicians. Most psychologists have admitted receiving improper pharmacological training (Resnick Robiner, 2003). How can proponents of psychologists prescription purport that the latter can medically prescribe yet the psychologists admit incompetency? Robiner provides enough literature that proves that the quality of mental health care will be compromised. It is clear that there exists a great discrepancy of training between the psychologist and the psychiatrist. Medicine-based training model is a dapted by the latter while the former adopts a theory-based model. Subjects such as biology, chemistry and pharmacology are taught in medical schools (Resnick Robiner, 2003). This discrepancy widens from the under graduate to the graduate training levels. Regulatory and legal issues are well captured. The granting of prescription privileges would mean restructuring of the regulatory systems. The claim that psychologists may reject offers to work with undeserved groups is unfounded. Credibility of the Authors Both Resnick and Robiner are appreciating the fact that psychologists are equally important in mental healthcare sector. Resnick however is limited in scope. He assumes that psychologists can also give prescriptions as physicians do. He fails to consider the negative health risks, legal effects and ineffective care associated with the move. He applies economic reasoning to assert that if psychologists offer medical prescription, the patient can save more. He fails to understa nd that indeed, he/she may end up paying more due to incorrect prescriptions. He also fails to conduct intensive review of existing research to support his position. Robiner’s argument is well supported. He is clear of the fact that medicine is a growing field that requires regular knowledge updates. He insists that the training methods adopted by the psychologists may have far reaching consequences to patients if prescriptions are given by psychologists. His argument covers a wide scope to include the legal, quality management and efficiency of mental health care. The fact that he calls for collaboration between the psychologists and psychiatrists is a clear attestation that he values the roles played by each.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Personal View The information provided by Robiner indicates that proper literature review was conducted. Robiner is categorical of the fact that psychologists and psychiatrists should work together for the good of the mental patients. He is well aware of the risks posed by psychoactive drugs. The prescription privileges enjoyed by psychologists would be cause of serious mental and other health complications. The PDP success cannot be solely relied upon for the effective medical prescription in diverse mental problems (Resnick Robiner, 2003). The medical profession is sensitive field that requires mastery of the human anatomy. The understanding of how different types of medicine react in the humans is vitally important. The knowledge and training discrepancy that exists between psychologists and psychiatrists is a matter of concern. It is difficult for a psychologist to understand which medicine is obsolete and which should be used under certain conditions. Rendering them incompe tent to prescribe medicine is important. In this regard the state governments should not give psychologists prescription rights. Contemporary Research The American Medical Association, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, the American Psychiatric Association and the American Society for Geriatric Psychiatry have opposed efforts to empowering psychologists offer medical prescription (Harding, 2002). These associations have asserted that psychologists are not medically trained to offer prescription. Patients’ safety is the prime consideration in medical prescription. Psychologists are at a higher risk of administering the wrong prescription because they lack the medical knowledge (Harding, 2002). The theory-based model training by psychologists is useless in medical prescription. Medically trained professionals are superior to psychologists as far as medical prescription is concerned. The fact that psychiatrists undergo fulltime four-year training in bioche mistry, pharmacology, physiology and diagnosis is worthwhile to note (Harding, 2002). In addition, they undergo a full-time tree year postgraduate psychiatric training. Practical prescription of drugs is performed during this time. The part-time one year psychopharmacological course undergone by the psychologists is insufficient and incomparable to that of a psychiatrist. Psychologists should therefore not prescribe medication. References Harding, R. K. (2002). New Mexico Psychologists Prescribing Law: Bad Medicine for Patients. American Psychiatric Association Media Advisory. Resnick, R. Robiner, W. (2003). Should Psychologist Prescribe Medication? British Psychologist Society. The Psychologist, 16 (4), 251-264.

Free Essays on Honderich

2). Honderich maintains that we care morally about both the compatibilist’s and incompatibilist’s conception of freedom. Is it possible to be both a compatibilist and an incompatibilist? Explain your answer. In order to determine if it is possible to be both an incompatibilist and a compatibilist, one must first define the two terms. Incompatibilism is the thesis that if determinism is true, then (for that reason) one has no free will. That is, an incompatibilist is someone who thinks that whether or not we have free will depends on a contingent fact about the laws that govern the universe: one has free will only if he is lucky enough to be living in a universe which is non-deterministic. Though incompatibilism is divided in two subgroups (hard determinists and liberatarians), all incompatibilists agree that a necessary condition of free will is that determinism is false. Compatibilism, on the other hand, is the thesis that one in fact has free will and that even if determinism turned out to be true, one would still have free will. It is the denial of incompatibilism; the compatibilist is someone who rejects the claim that the truth of determinism would mean that we lack free will. Not e that given this minimal definition, a compatibilist might be a free will revolutionary: someone who believes that we lack free will regardless of the truth or falsity of determinism. Given these definitions and distinctions, one can ascertain if it is possible to be both compatibilist and incompatibilist. Neither compatibilists nor incompatibilists are free will revolutionaries or fatalists. Compatibilists believe that the worlds where we have free will include deterministic worlds; incompatibilists believe that the only worlds where we have free will are non-deterministic worlds. Hence it is impossible to remain incompatibilist with compatiblist views and vice versa, for determinism’ role in free will makes it too contradictory.... Free Essays on Honderich Free Essays on Honderich 2). Honderich maintains that we care morally about both the compatibilist’s and incompatibilist’s conception of freedom. Is it possible to be both a compatibilist and an incompatibilist? Explain your answer. In order to determine if it is possible to be both an incompatibilist and a compatibilist, one must first define the two terms. Incompatibilism is the thesis that if determinism is true, then (for that reason) one has no free will. That is, an incompatibilist is someone who thinks that whether or not we have free will depends on a contingent fact about the laws that govern the universe: one has free will only if he is lucky enough to be living in a universe which is non-deterministic. Though incompatibilism is divided in two subgroups (hard determinists and liberatarians), all incompatibilists agree that a necessary condition of free will is that determinism is false. Compatibilism, on the other hand, is the thesis that one in fact has free will and that even if determinism turned out to be true, one would still have free will. It is the denial of incompatibilism; the compatibilist is someone who rejects the claim that the truth of determinism would mean that we lack free will. Not e that given this minimal definition, a compatibilist might be a free will revolutionary: someone who believes that we lack free will regardless of the truth or falsity of determinism. Given these definitions and distinctions, one can ascertain if it is possible to be both compatibilist and incompatibilist. Neither compatibilists nor incompatibilists are free will revolutionaries or fatalists. Compatibilists believe that the worlds where we have free will include deterministic worlds; incompatibilists believe that the only worlds where we have free will are non-deterministic worlds. Hence it is impossible to remain incompatibilist with compatiblist views and vice versa, for determinism’ role in free will makes it too contradictory....

Abstract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 20

Abstract - Essay Example Vikings colonist in Iceland and Greenland farmed and filled storehouse with luxuries for trade in the Europeans. The Canadian archeologist discovered iron ship rivets and many artifacts belonging to the Vikings in the coast of Ellesmere Island. Hence, the discovery of the yarn in 1999 made Sutherland to scrutinize other archeologist artifacts originating from the domain of Arctic hunter. Surprisingly, the spun yarns found spread from Nunguvik, Tanfield Valley, Willows Island, to Avayalik Island located between Northern Baffin Island and Northern Labrador. Moreover, the fragments of tally sticks discovered resembled Vikings items used to record trade transaction and to spin fibers. Consequently, many artifacts from the Arctic found in the Museum pointed out the good relation in trade between the Dorset hunters and Vikings. The Viking always moved in search of new traders hence exploring the North American Coast. Therefore, the small nomad of Dorset hunters welcomed hunted walruses and fur-bearing animals whose fur could be spun to luxurious yarn. Therefore, the Vikings camping at the Tanfield Valley open an opportunity to trade with the Dorset hunters for

A comparative analysis between Total Quality Management(TQM) and the Term Paper

A comparative analysis between Total Quality Management(TQM) and the Six Sigma system of quality improvement as they both relate to healthcare - Term Paper Example s set of processes and techniques to measure, improve and control the Quality of care and service based on what is important to the customer (Woodard, 2005, p.229).† (Majdi, 2009, para.1). care sector, thus offering maximum safety and degree of care in heath care provision. The main areas in which SS could possibly offer its services are medication, supply chain management strategies in tandem with suppliers and vendors, medical reporting, settlement of claims and the outcome of the condition of patients in different levels of care giving. One of the most significant aspects of SS is that it is amenable to quantitative measurements and analyses by the implementation of DMAIC, that is, define, measure, assess, identify and control. Total Quality Management (TQM), on the other hand, is more subjective in its approach, and fundamentally, â€Å"The goal of a TQM program in a clinical healthcare setting is to reduce costs and improve customer (patient) satisfaction.† (Weinheimer, 1993, para.2). Thus, the main objectives of TQM in hospital settings are to find ways and means to improve the quality of service - lesser waiting time, attending complaints promptly and efficiently, providing computer generated prescriptions, reducing medical errors and malpractices to minimal levels, and in short, rendering maximum health care service possible in the minimum timeframe. All these are qualitative aspects, but given the scope for improvement, a blending of SS and TQM (both quantitative and qualitative) could deliver maximum benefits and advantages to customer, clients and patients in a well rounded and innovative way. Perhaps, the best comparison between SS and TQM could be in the delineation of common goals and objectives of these two systems- total patient care and commitment using measuring tools and industry benchmarks. While their respective methods may be slightly different in approach and technique, the ultimate objective of maximum patient care and redefining the